Application of Nano-sized Poly (N-methyl pyrrole-pyrrole) Fiber to the Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Volatile Organic Compounds from Yogurt

Saidfar, Abdolkarim; Alizadeh, Mohammad; Pirsa, Sajad

doi:10.22034/jchemlett.2020.108110

Application of Nano-sized Poly (N-methyl pyrrole-pyrrole) Fiber to the Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Volatile Organic Compounds from Yogurt

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, P. O. Box 57561-51818, Urmia, Iran

10.22034/jchemlett.2020.108110

Abstract

A new poly (N-methyl pyrrole-co-pyrrole) (P-NMPy-co-Py) coated flexible polyester fiber was provided by chemically-deposition of P-NMPy-co-Py on the surface of polyester fiber in the mixed electrolytes of sodium dodecyl sulphonate (SDS) and FeCl3 (as an oxidant). The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of morphology, size, porosity and composition of synthesized copolymer. The nanosized and spheral P-NMPy-co-Py particles are observed according to the SEM results. The P-NMPy-co-Py fiber was employed to extraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in yogurt samples as an extractor. An experimental design was utilized to optimize operational parameters that affect the analysis of VOCs in yogurt samples using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) in the pre-concentration step. Some parameters including, sample pH, temperature, ionic strength (NaCl percent W/W %) were optimized. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used for separation, detection and quantitation of VOCs. Results show that P-NMPy-co-Py modified polyester fiber is provided fast and easily by chemical method and is suitable for the successful extraction of the VOCs from yogurt samples.

Keywords

References

[1] M. Gerard, A. Chaubey, B.D. Malhotra, Application of conducting polymers to biosensors, Biosensor Bioelectronics, 17 (2002) 345–359.

[2] E.M. Genies, G.J. Bidan, Spectroelectrochemical study of polypyrrole ﬁlms. Electroanalytical Chemistry, 149 (1983) 101–113.

[3] N. Alizadeh, A.A. Ataei, S. Pirsa, Nanostructured conducting polypyrrole film prepared by chemical vapor deposition on the interdigital electrodes at room temperature under atmospheric condition and its application as gas sensor. Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society, 12 (2015) 1585-1594.

[4] H.P. Oliveira, M.V.B. Santos, C.G. Santos, Electrical properties of PVA/PPY blends, Synthetic Metals, 135 (2003) 447–448.

[5] S. Pirsa, F. MohammadNejad, Simultaneous analysis of some volatile compounds in food samples by array gas sensors based on polypyrrole nano-composites, Sensor Review, 37 (2017) 155–164

[6] S. Pirsa, H. Heidari, J. Lotfi, Design selective gas sensors based on nano-sized polypyrrole/polytetrafluoroethylene and polypropylene membranes. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16 (2016) 2922-2928.

[7] J.N. Barisci, G.G. Wallace, M.K. Andrews, A.C. Partridge, P.D. Harris, Conducting polymer sensors for monitoring aromatic hydrocarbons using an electronic nose, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 84 (2002) 252-257.

[8] P.S. Rao, J. Anand, S. Palaniappan, D.N. Sathyanarayana, Effect of sulphuric acid on the properties of polyaniline–HCl salt and its base, European Polymer Journal, 36 (2000) 915-921.

[9] M.R. Mahmoudian, Y. Alias, W.J. Basirum, M. Ebadi, Poly (N-methyl pyrrole) and its copolymer with o-toluidine electrodeposited on steel in mixture of DBSA and oxalic acid electrolytes, Current Applied Physics, 11 (2011) 368-375.

[10] M.I. Redondo, E.S. De La Blanca, M.V. Garcı́a, M.A. Raso, J. Tortajada, M.J. Gonzalez-Tejera, FTIR study of chemically synthesized poly (N-methylpyrrole). Synthetic metals, 122 (2001) 431-435.

[11] G. Huerta, L. Fomina, L. Rumsh, M.G. Zolotukhin, New polymers with N-phenyl pyrrole fragments obtained by chemical modifications of diacetylene containing polymers, Polymer Bulletin, 57 (2006) 433–443.

[12] J, Pawliszyn Theory of SPME, Journal of Chromatographic Science, 38 (2000) 270–278.

[13] J.S. Aulakh, A.K. Malik, V. Kaur, P. Schmitt-Kopplin, A review on solid phase micro extraction–high performance liquid chromatography (SPME–HPLC) analysis of pesticides, Critical reviews in analytical chemistry, 35 (2005) 71–85.

[14] B.A. Lukman, H.T. Guan, Chemometric approach to the optimization of HS-SPME/GC–MS for the determination of multiclass pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, Food Chemistry, 177 (2015) 267–273.

[15] M. Alizadeh, S. Pirsa, N. Faraji, Determination of lemon juice adulteration by analysis of gas chromatography profile of volatile organic compounds extracted with nano-sized polyester-polyaniline fiber. Food analytical methods, 10 (2017) 2092-2101.

[16] M. Mestres, C. Sala, M.P. Martı́, O. Busto, J. Guasch, Headspace solid-phase microextraction of sulphides and disulphides using Carboxen–polydimethylsiloxane fibers in the analysis of wine aroma, Journal of Chromatography A, 835 (1999) 137-144.

[17] S. Rocha, V. Ramalheira, A. Barros, I. Delgadillo, M.A. Coimbra, Headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) analysis of flavor compounds in wines. Effect of the matrix volatile composition in the relative response factors in a wine model, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49 (2001) 5142-5151.

[18] M. Riu-Aumatell, M. Castellari, E. López-Tamames, S. Galassi, S. Buxaderas, Characterisation of volatile compounds of fruit juices and nectars by HS/SPME and GC/MS, Food Chemistry, 87 (2004) 627-637.

[19] V.A. Isidorov, V.T. Vinogorova, K. Rafalowski, HS–SPME analysis of volatile organic compounds of coniferous needle litter, Atmospheric Environment 37 (2003) 4645.

[20] S. Pirsa, M. Alizadeh, N. Ghahremannejad, Application of Nano-sized Poly N-phenyl Pyrrole Coated Polyester Fiber to Headspace Microextraction of Some Volatile Organic Compounds and Analysis by Gas chromatography. Current Analytical Chemistry, 12 (2016) 457–464.

[21] S. Pirsa, N. Alizadeh, M. Zandi, H. Almasi, H. Heidari, Chemically synthesize nanostructure polypyrrole derivatives and fabrication of gas sensor based on synthesized polymers, Sensor Letters, 12 (2014) 1709-1716.

[22] D.C. Montgomery, Design and Analysis of Experiments, 7th edn.USA: John Wiely & Sons, Inc (2009).